Railway truck



Dec 6, 1938 D. s BARRows 2,139,434

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed Sept. 20, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 6, 1938. D. s.BARRows 2,139,434

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed Sept. 20, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 6, 193s. D, sBARROWS .2,139,434v

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed sept. 2o, 1935 s' sheets-sheet s Patented Dec. 6,1938 UNITED STATES RAILWAY 'TRUCK Donald S. Barrows, Roche-ster, N. Y.,assignor to The Symington-Gould Corporation, Rochester,

N. Y., a corporation of Maryland Application September 20, 1935, SerialNo. 41,489

31 Claims.

This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No.402,203, filed October 24, 1929. This invention relates torailwayitrucks and 6 more particularly to the construction of the sideframes, spring nests and spring plates thereof.

The principal object of my invention, generally considered, is theimprovement in trucks and particularly the. construction of the sideframes, spring nests, sp-ring plates and spring planks (if used),whereby increased strength of -the frame and increased capacity of thebolster 16 springs are secured, provision being made at the of bolstersprings with respect lto the associated frames while said nests areassembled as units between associated plates.

Another object of my invention is to provide a railway truck ofrelativelyV short wheel base such as, for example, a wheel base in theneighborhood of iive feet, using bolster spring groups of modiiied Hshape to obtain increased spring capacity while avoiding interferencebetween the springs and the associated brake rigging.

A further object of my invention is to provide a railway truck ofreduced wheel basewith the parts so constructed that interferencebetween the inside hung brake beams and the inner spring support isavoided by decreasing-the longitudinal dimension of the inner line ofsprings, this being accomplished b-y omitting `a spring from said innerline and lpositioning it inwardlyof said line preferably on the centerline of thev associatedspri'ng plank.

A still further object of my invention is thel Referring to the drawingsillustrating my invention, the scope whereof is defined by the appendedclaims:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a, truck embodying myinvention, portions of the bolster and spring plank being shown invertical section.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional same time for theassembly and removal of nests view of the truck on the line 2-2 ofFigure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a central transverse fragmentary sectional view of the truckshown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 4 4 of Figure 3,looking in the direction of the arrows. A Figure 5 is a -fragmentaryvertical sectional view on the line 5--5 of Figure 2, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Figures 6 to 12, inclusive, are diagranmiatic views of springarrangements alternative to that shown in Figure 2.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by likereference characters, and iirst considering the embodiment of myinvention illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, there isshown aportion of a railway truck comprising a side frame 'l preferably formedof castwk steel, although it will be clear that some of the advantagesof my invention may be obtained when using frames of other than castconstruction. Said frame I comprises a compression member 2, a tensionmember 3, and bolster guide columnsor strut portions 4 spacingintermediate portions of said compression and tension members leaving awindow opening 5 therebetween. The compression and tension membersextend outwardly beyond the bolster guide columns 4 where they join withone another and are either provided with integral journal boxes (notshown) or are adapted for connection with journal boxes, as will beunderstood by those skilled in the art. In the present embodiment of myinvention the truck illustratedis one of a relatively short wheel base,so that the brake hanger brackets 6 are spaced very close to the guidecolumns and relatively close to one another, as illustratedparticularlyin Figure 1.

The tension member 3 between the bolster columns is generally box shapein cross section and comprises an upper web 'l forming aspring plankseat, a lower web B and side webs or flanges 9 and I li, respectively.For rigidifying and strengthening the side fra-me and particularly thetension member and the junction between the tension member and bolsterguide columns, said tension member is upwardly convoluted or embossedpreferably along the longitudinal center line of the frame adjacent thejunctions with the bolster guide columns to form upper diagonallydisposed web portions Il which start near the center of the spring plankseat portion or upper web 1 and extend diagonally upward through thebolster guide columns toward they ends "pf the frame. In the embodiment`illustrated, the

spl'ingplankseatisofasizeadaptedtosupporttherefore, to have thereinforcements II extendv from near the center of the spring plank seatto the guide columns without closing up too much of the window opening,said reinforcements preferably extend to the guide columns on a moderateinclination and after their union with said columns they are continuedupwardly and outwardly at a much steeper inclination, as indicated at I2to correspond more closely with the relatively steep inclination of themain inclined end p0rtions of the tension member. 4In this respect theydiffer from the construction of the side frame described and claimed inmy prior Patent No. 1,652,808 of December 13, 1927.

The reinforcing construction heretofore described results, in effect, ina bifurcation of the upper web of the tension member. producing atriangular or inclined reinforcement at the junctions betwem the tensionmember and bolster guide columns and in addition forms embossments withwhich the spring plank is adapted to engage, thereby obviating thenecessity of the usual squaring lugs or providing squaring means inaddition to said lugs. The reinforcement also has the etfectof reducingthe effective depth of the window opening 5 for thensertion of theassociated bolster I3, thereby making it desirable to decrease theheight of the front or outer guide lugs Il to corresplmd with thedistance between the bolster guiding portions I5 and the reinforcementsI I. 'Ihe rear or inner bolster guide lugs I6 may be of normal depth, ifdesired.

In order toprovide an adequate spring-sup-v porting area or spring plankseat, the upper web 'I between; the bolster guide columns is laterallywidened beyond the webs 9 and III, as indicated at II and Il. 'Iheseextensions I1 and I8 are preferably braced with respect to the webs 9and Il by triangular gusset portions I9. The webs of the box-shapedportion of the tension member may likewise be braced interiorly bygusset or interior web portions 29, as shown most clearly in Figure 3.

t In order to provvide for a relatively great height or verticaldimension of the window opening 5, the compression mmnber 2 thereover ispreferably of decreased depth or has a web 2I with depending flanges 22which are, narrower or shallower over the window opening than on eitherside thereof. In`order, howevento provide for substanally'uniformstrength in the compression member, said flanges 22 preferably havebeading 23 along the lower edges thereof, which beading is desirably ofgreatest sise or width over the window opening or between the guidecolumns and tapers' to d size or width on either side of the windowopening, as indicated at 24, said ybeading preferably sloping downwardlyand outwardly to correspond with the lower edge of the compressionmember, as shown most clearly in Figure 1, and starting over the guidecolumns to of the tension member is preferably formed with a pair ofupwardly extending bosses 2,8, preferably corresponding in diameter withthe inner dimension of the spring units intended to be used, and beingsumciently longer than the thickness of the spring plank so that theyextend thereabove and provide spring-positioning bosses, as shown'mostclearly in Figures 1, 2 and 3. If desired, certain of the bosses 21 mayhave the parts thereof, where they pass through the spring plank, ofgreater diameter than the spring-locating 'portions thereabove. If allof the spring units of the associated nest of springs 28 are doublecoil, as illustrated in Figures l and 2, the spring-positioning portionshave diameters corresponding with the inner diameter of the inner coil,whereas if some of the spring units are single coil, as illustrated insome of the modifications to be hereinafter described, thespring-positioning portions may have a diameter corresponding with theinner diameter of the outer or single coil spring so that in this casethe lugs 2'I may be of uniform diameter larger than the lugs 2 6 whichmerely position the inner or small coils of the spring units. When usingthe larger springpositioning bosses or lugs 21, whether or not they areused with single or double coil spring units, v

the diameter thereof where they pass through the spring plank 25preferably corresponds with the inner diameter of the outer spring or asingle 'spring unit, so that in case such lugs are used with single coilsprings or spring units, the diameter may be approximately uniformthroughout the length.

The spring plank 25 is not only apertural to receive the bosses 26 orthe bosses 26 and 2'I, but is upwardlyembossed or corrugated, asindicated at 29,' to nest over the corrugations or embossments II on theassociated side frame. The inner boss 26, as well as the outer one, isdesirably offset with respect to the longitudinal center line ofthe-corrugations, as shown most clearly in Figure 2. The width of thespring plank at its outer end preferably corresponds with the width ofthe window opening and, in lthe present embodiment,'is sufficient toreceive three standard spring units disposed longitudinally of theassociated side frjame or transversely of the spring p1ank,outwardly ofthe embossments 29 and one standard spring unit directly between saidembossments, or on the transverse center line of the frame orlongitudinal center line of said plank and aligned with the central onevof the three outer spring units, as illustrated particularly in Figure2. In order, however, to avoid interference between the inside hungbrake beams or rigging depending from the brake hangers, which, aspreviously explained, are abnormally close because of the short wheelbase ofthe frame, the spring plank 25 tapers or 'decreases in width fromits ends beneath the window opening so that the row of spring unitsinwardly of the embossments 29 can only be two units long rather thanthree, as shownmost clearly in Figure 2.

In order to maintain a spring capacity corresponding with the H shapedspring grouping described and claimed in my previous Patent No.1,652,808, an additional spring unit 30 is preferably disposed inwardlyof the two spring units which are inward of the corrugations 29, saidadditional spring unit being desirably positioned along the center lineof the spring plank and forming with the adjacent spring units, atriangle, which in the present embodiment is substantially equilateral.It will be noted that this till dit@

liti

additional spring unit is positioned so far inward, in order to providenormal clearance with respect to the adjacent springs, that it extendsbeyond `the flange I8 of the tension member, making it impossible toposition it by a lug or boss on the tension member. The positioning oflthis spring unit is preferably effected by means of a boss 3l on thespring plank, either formed integral with said plank or connectedthereto in any desired -In order to facilitate the assembly of thesprings, and the application of shims, if necessary,

spring plate 35 is preferably disposed above said' springs, said springplate being formed with spring-positioning collars 36 for engagementwith all of the spring units and preferably conical spring platelocating bosses 3l adapted to iit in.

corresponding pockets 38 in the associated bolster i3. The bolster, ofcourse, has a horizontally disposed necked portion 33 which preferablytapers in width to correspond generally with the tapering of the nest ofsprings and associated spring plank, said horizontal portion preferablybeing merely extended locally, as indicated at 1lb, to receive theinnermost spring unit or corresponding portion of the spring plate 3b,thereby providing a pocket lli adjacent the longitudinal center line ofthe bolster and avoiding unduly increasing the length of the neckedportion for the full width of the bolster.

Referring now to the embodiments of my invention illustrated in Figures6 to 12, inclusive, alternative spring groupings are there shown forcapacities less than that ofA the previous embodiment. In the previousembodiment, for example, I provide for a seventy-ton capacity, whileFigure 7 shows an arrangement similar to Figure 6, but for forty-tontrucks, except that all of the spring units are single coil and theinnermost unit is omitted rather than the central unit between thereinforcements ll.

Figure 8 shows an arrangement corresponding with Figure 6, except thatthe springs are arranged as two triangular groups, one inwardly and theother outwardly of the reinforcements Il, each group comprising twqdouble-coil and one single-coil unit, the intermediate single-coilspring being offset or buckled inwardly in each instance. .Thisarrangement is adapted for fiftyton trucks.

Figure 9 shows an arrangement corresponding with Figure '7, except thatfour of the six spring units are double-.coil rather than all beingsinglecoil adapting the arrangement for use with ftyton trucks,

Figure l shows a further modification adapted for forty-ton trucks usingonly five instead of six spring units, three of which are double-coiland two single-coil. The springs in this embodiment are arranged H shapein plan, but the uprights of the H are composed of two rather than threespring units.

Figure 11 shows a further modification using six spring units arrangedin two triangular groups, the outer group comprising double-coil unitsand the inner single-coil units, both of said groups Vbeing arranged inapproximately equilateral triangular formation. This arrangement isadapted for fifty-ton trucks.

Figure 12 shows a. further modication correspending with Figure 10 forforty-ton trucks using five spring units arranged l-l shape in plan withthe outer upright of the H composed of double-coil spring units, thecross piece of the H composed of av double-coil spring unit and theinner upright of said H composed of single-coil spring units.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have devised an improvedtruck with a shortened wheel base while at the same time providing forincreased spring capacity and avoiding interference between the insidehung brake beams or rigging and the spring plank and associated springs.A1- though preferred embodiments of my invention have been illustrated,it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto asmodifications rnay be made within the spirit and scope of my inventionas defined by the appended claims. It will also be understood thatalthough l. have shown only one side frame and the associated ends ofthe bolster and spring plank, my truck, as is usual, is formed-with twoside frames, each of which supports an end of the spring plank andbolster.

I claim:

1. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,struts spacing intermediate portions of said members and leaving awindow opening therebetween, that portionof the tension member beneaththe window opening Vforming a spring plank seat, said tension memberoutwardly of said seat comprising inclined end portions, each of whichconsists of upper and lower portions angularly disposed with respect toeach other, the inclination of said upper portions changing at thestruts so that they'extend inwardly at a decreased inclination to mergewith the spring plank seat adjacent the center thereof.

2. A side frame comprising a compression -memberv a tension member,struts interposed therebeiwern and spaced to leave a window opening,that portion of the tension member beneath the Window opening beingformed to support bolster springs, the tension member extending towardthe ends of the frame from the springsupporting portion thereof to formdiagonally disposed end portions, each end portion comprising aplurality of sections, one of saidsections starting from near the centerof the spring-supporting portion, sloping upwardly and outwardly to theadjacent strut and fromthere sloping upwardly and outwardly at amaterially increased inclination toward the adjacent end of the'frame,and another sectioni starting near the adjacent end xof thespring-supporting portion and sloping toward the adjacent end of theframe.

3. A side frame comprising a compression membolster guide columnsreinforced by upwardly em-` ber, a tension member, bolster guide columnsinterposed therebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, thatportion of the tension member beneath' the window opening being adaptedfor supporting' bolster springs, said tension member extending towardthe ends. of the frame from the spring-supporting portion thereof andconsisting of an upper web portion, and another web portionA disposedtherebeneath, said portions starting from different parts ofthespring-supporting portion of the tension member and converging at theirupper and outer ends, the inclination of said upper web portion sharplychanging -where it meets the bolster guide columns so that the outerportions thereof have -a steeper slope more nearly approximating that ofthe otherportions.

4. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members andspaced to leave a window opening, reinforcing members extending betweenthe tension member and guide columns diagonally across the lower cornersof the window opening being angularly disposed from that portion of thetension member outwardly of said column members, that portion of thecompression member above the window opening being relatively small indepth to provide for a relatively high window opening with the portionsoutwardly thereof of a depth increasing from a straight top edge, thelower edges of said compression member being provided with beading, thedepth of which is greatest over the window opening and decreases oneither side of said window opening to compensate for the ranged` withthree units on a side omitting the.

units at'the bolster columns and with the units on the inner side ofsaid frame disposed in triangular formation.

6. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprisingcompression andtension members spaced at intermediate portions thereofby bolster guide columns leaving v afwindow 'opening therebetween, thatportion of the tension member beneath the window opening being laterallywidened. with the junction between it and the bossed portions extendingalong the longitudinal center line thereof from 4near the center throughthe bolster guide columns toward the ends of the frame, a nest ofsprings supported on said portion, said springs being arranged in twogroups lying on each side of the upwardly embossed portions, and acentral spring disposed between said groups and embossed portions, thegroup on the inner side of said embossed portions being arranged intriangular formation with an intermediate spring disposed inwardly withrespect to the other springs.

7. In a railway truck, in` combination, a side frame comprising acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposedtherebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, that portion of thetension member beneath the window opening being formed for supporting anest of springs and reinforced with rpect to the bolster guide columnsby triangular upwardly extending embossments between the ends or! saidportion and the bolster guide cohnnns, said elnbossments lying along thelongitudinal center line of the frame, and a group of springs on eachside of said embossments, other springs disposed as a transverse groupbetween said embossments, and an additionalspring disposed inwardly ofthe group positioned on the inner sid of said embossments.

8.- In a railway tnick, in combination, a side frame comprising acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns spacingintermediate portions of said members and leaving a window openingtherebetween, that portion of the tension member beneath the windowopening being formed with embossments extending between the ends thereofand the bolster guide columns', a spring plank supported on said tensionmember and formed with corrugations interlocking with the embossments, anest of springs supported on said spring plank and arranged in modifiedH formation, the uprights of said AH-lying longitudinally of the frameon opposite sides of the corrugations of the spring plank, and the crosspart of the H lying longitudinally of the spring plank right of said Hbeing of reduced height, thereby lnecessitating'the positioning of an'intermediate spring thereof inwardly of the line of the other springs.

9. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprisingcompression and tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereofby bolster guidevcolumns leaving a window opening therebetween, thatportion of the tension member beneath the window opening being adaptedto support a spring plank, a spring plank supported on said tensionmember, a nest of springs supported on said spring plank, said springplank having the outer end thereof corresponding in width with the widthof the window opening and decreased in width beneath saidwindowvopening, the nest of springs supported thereon being arrangedwith a greater number of springs in line at the outer end of said plankthan at portions inwardly thereof.

10. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprising acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposedtherebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, said frame beingformed with brake hanger brackets disposed abnormally close togetherbecause of the frame having an abnormally short wheel base, that portionof the tension member beneath the window opening being formed with aspring plank seat, a spring plank supported on said seat, and a nest ofsprings supported on said spring plank, said spring plank and the nestof springs thereon being arranged to decrease in width from the end ofthe plank to avoid nterference with associated brake rigging.

11. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprising acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposedtherebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, said frame having ashort wheel base and provided with brake hanger brackets disposedcorrespondingly close together, said tension member being formed with aspring plank seat., a spring plank supported on said seat, said plankbeing formedwith its ends corresponding with the width of the windowopning and Vtapered inwardly to decreased width beneath the window 75opening to avoid interference with associated brake rigging, and a nestof springs supported thereon.

12. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame of short wheel baseformed with a compression member, a tension member, bolster guidecolumns spacing intermediate portions of said members and leaving awindow opening therebetween, the tension member beneath said windowopening being adapted to support a spring plank, a spring planksupported on said seat portion and formed of maximum width at its endsand tapering inwardly to decreased width to avoid interference withassociated brake rigging on account of the short wheel base of theframe, a nest or springs supported on said spring plank, said springsbeing arranged substantially H shape in plan with the uprights extendinglongitudinally of the frame on either side of the center line thereof, acentral spring unit disposed between said uprights and forming the crosspart of the i-l, an additional spring unit disposed inwardly of theinner upright of said H, and a bolster supported on said nest ofsprings, said bolster being formed with a horizontal surface directlyabove said springs and corresponding in area with the plan thereof, saidhorizontal surface being extended locally as a relief or channel in thebolster ing, said frame beneath the window opening having a spring plankseat, a spring plank supported on said seat, said seat and plank beingformed respectively with lugs and apertures rebill ceiving said lugs forlocking said plank in `place, said lugs extending above the level of thespringsupporting area of said plank and spaced to correspond with thespring arrangement desired, said plank being formed with a lug inwardlyof said seat for positioning an inwardly disposed spring, and a. nest ofsprings supported on said plank to correspond with the seat lugs and theadditional spring plank lug.

ld. In a railway truck, a side frame formed with a window opening, and aspring plank seat defining the lower portion of said opening, said seathaving upstanding lugs, a spring plank resting on said seat and havingapertures corresponding with said lugs for locking said plank in place,said plank having a lug connected thereto inwardly of the spring plankseat for positioning an additional spring, a nest of springs supportedon said spring plank and positioned by said lugs,

a spring plate supported `on said nest of springs and formed withdepending spring-positioning collars, a bolster resting on said springplate, and

means extendingbetween said plate and bolstery for holding the parts inproper position.

l5. A nest of at least six bolster spring units formed as two rows witha central spring unit positioned directly between said rows making anarrangement substantially H shape in plan, and an additional spring unitdisposed inwardly of the inner row of said arrangement.

16. A nest of at least seven bolster spring units for providingincreased spring capacity and formed of maximum width outwardly and ofdecreased width inwardly of an associated side frame.

17. A nest of bolster springs comprising two groups of at least threespring units each adapted for disposition, one group on each side of thelongitudinal center line of an associated side frame, the inner one ofsaid groups being arranged in inwardly decreasing triangular formation,and spaced from the other group'with' no overlapping of peripheralboundaries.

18. A spring plank formed of maximum width at its ends and taperinginwardly at the portions normally received in side frame bolsteropenings, whereby it is adapted to support a nest of springs whichdecreases in width toward the center of said plank. l

19. A spring plate for a nest of springs formed generally H shape inoutline and provided with at least six spring-positioning collarscorresponding with the springs on the uprights and cross piece of saidH, and an additional spring-positioning collar disposed laterally of oneof the uprights of said H for permitting the employment of an additionalspring unit to provide for increased spring capacity.

20. A nest of bolster springs comprising two groups each of at leastthree spring units, one group being arranged in triangular formation anddisposed inwardly of the longitudinal center line of an associated sideframe, and the other group being arranged in linear formation anddisposed outwardly of, and with its periphery clearing, saidlongitudinal center line.

2l. In combination, a bolster having its ends formed with lowerhorizontal surfaces adapted to be supported by resilient means, andspring plates disposed in engagement with said surfaces, said platesbeing widest at the outer ends and decreasing in width at the portionsnormally received in side frame bolster openings to inner still narrowerportions adapted to engage single spring units.

22. A spring plank having ends flaring outwardly to maximum width, theflaring portions of said plank having upwardly extending transverseembossments adapted to receive corresponding portions on associated sideframes for interlocking therewith.

23. In a railway truck, in combination,. a side frame comprising acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns spacingintermediate portions of said members and sp-aced to leave a windowopening therebetween, that portion of the tension member beneath thewindow opening'being formed as a generally flat spring plank seat withembossments tapering iromthe lower end portions of the balster guidecolumns to merge into the spring plank seat upper surface short of thecentral portionv thereof, a spring plank with an end portion supportedon said seat and formed with corrugations nterlocking with saidembossments, a. nest of springs supported on said spring plank andcomprising a plurality of springs disposed along the longitudinal centerline of said plank, said plank having a pair of apertures lying on itscenter line beneath said springs and both offset from and being on thesame side of the longitudinal center line of said corrugations, and saidframe having' lugs extending into said apertures to position said springplank.

24. A spring plank comprising a supporting web and reinforcing anges at'the sides thereof, the ends of said plank being wider'than intermediateportions thereof and the flanges being narrower at the widened endportions than between said end portions, said plank decreasing 1n widthtoward its center along the portions normally disposed adjacent theguide columns of associatedside frames, and said web being pro videdwith a plurality of apertures at each end aligned along the longitudinalcenter line and .adapted to receive spring plank squaring lugs onassociated side frames.

25. A spring plank comprising a spring-supporting web and flanges at thesides thereof, said web tapering in width at an end portion and having aplurality of spaced apertures in said end tapered portion, adapted toreceive lugs connected to an associated frame, and disposed along thetransverse center line of said frame.

26. A spring plank having a bottom and side flanges extending throughoutthe length thereof, said plank tapering in width along portions normallydisposed between the guide columns of associated side frames, so as toform, adjacent each end thereof, portions wider than the balance of thespring plank, said side flanges being of reduced height at the widenedend portions of the plank.

27. A spring plank having a web and flanges at the slides thereof, saidplank decreasing in width toward its center along the portions normallydisposed adjacent the guide columns of associated side frames, so thatit is wider adjacent the ends than intermediate the ends, said sidei'ianges being reduced in height at the widened portions of the plank,and said plank at each widened end portion having a plurality ofapertures extending longitudinally of said plank and adapted to receivesquaring lugs on associated frames.

28. A spring plank comprising a supporting web and reinforcing flangesat the sides thereof, said plank being widest at the ends and decreasingin width from the end portions toward intermediate portions, along theportions normally disposed between the guide columns of associated sideframes, said flanges being narrower at the widened end portions thanbetween said decreasing portions, and said web being provided adjacenteach end with a plurality of apertures aligned along the longitudinalcenter line, dis posed toward the ends from said intermediate portions,and adapted to receive spring plank squaring lugs on associated sideframes, at least one aperture at each end being disposed in saiddecreasing portions.

29. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with compressionand tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereof by columnsleaving a. window opening therebetween, said tension member beneath thewindow opening having a spring plate supported thereby and being formedwith a spring-supporting portion, relatively broad adjacent the outerside of the frame and relatively narrow, for the support of a singlespring unit, adjacent the inner side ofv said frame, and a nest ofsprings upheld by said spring-supporting portion, said nest comprisingtwo rows of spring units extending longitudinallyl of said frame anddisposed on either side of the longitudinal axis thereof, and a singlespring unit disposed inwardly of the inner row of springs, over thenarrow spring supporting portion of said frame.

30. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprisingcompression and tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereofby struts and leaving a window opening therebetween, that portion of thetension member beneath the window opening being formed to supportbolster springs, the tension member beyond the struts extending towardthe ends of the frame to form diagonally disposed end portions,convoluted portions formed on said tension member intermediate saidstruts and sloping upwardly and outwardly to the adjacent strut at anangle of inclination different from that of the tension member beyondsaid struts, said bolster springs being arranged in two groupspositioned on each side of the convoluted portions, one of said groupsbeing arranged with three spring units and the other of said groupsbeing arranged in triangular formation, and a single spring disposed onthe longitudinal axis of said side frame and between said convolutedportions.

31. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame comprisingcompression and tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereofby struts and leaving a window opening therebetween, that portion of thetension member beneath said Window opening being formed to supportvbolster springs, the tension member beyond the struts extendingupwardly and outwardly toward the ends of the frame to form diagonallydisposed end portions, convoluted portions formed on said tension memberwithin said window opening and sloping upwardly and outwardly fromadjacent the vertical center of the side frame to the adjacent strut atan angle of inclination different from that of the diagonally disposedend portions, said bolster springs, formed as two rows with a centralspring unit positioned directly between the two rows, making anarrangement substantially H-shaped in plan, the rows of springs beingpositioned on each side of the convoluted portions 'and the centralspring disposed between said convoluted portions and on the verticalcenter of the side frame, one of said rows having anadditional springassociated therewith to form a group of triangular formation.

DONALD S. BARROWS.

